Learning Differences "Researchers think that learning disabilities (or LD) are caused by differences in how a person's brain works and how it processes information." A learning disability (LD) is a neurological disorder. It simply results from a difference in the way a person’s brain is wired. Information is processed differently, most often affecting reading, writing, listening, speaking, reasoning, and doing math calculations. Children with LD are not “dumb” or “lazy”. In fact, they are usually as smart or smarter than their peers, but must be taught by alternate methods. Structured language programs that use multisensory methods taught by direct instruction have proven to be the missing piece of the learning puzzle for these students. There is a growing body of evidence supporting mutisensory teaching. Over 75 years of studies, including current research, much of it supported by the National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), indicates this method to be the most successful plan for dyslexics. It is not a disease and therefore cannot be cured. It is a life-long condition. However, with appropriate intervention, students with learning disabilities can succeed in school and become successful adults. How common are learning disabilities? Very common! As many as 1 out of every 7 people in the United States has a learning disability. Almost 3 million children (ages 6 through 21) have some form of a learning disability and receive special education in school. In fact, over half of all children who receive special education have a learning disability (Twenty-second Annual Report to Congress, U.S. Department of Education, 2000). What should you look for? An unexpected gap between aptitude and achievement in school can signal a potential learning difference. Some signs to look for: Preshool
Kindergarten - Fourth Grade
Fifth - Eighth Grade
What should you do First? A conference with your child's teacher is a good first step. Collect information on your child's performance, ability to study at home and school, attitudes toward school, and relationships. All of these can be important indicators of problems. You should also learn about your rights and responsibilities as defined by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). IDEA is a law that requires all states to provide a public school education no matter how severe the disabilities are. Ultimately, trust your intuition! No one knows your child better than you. If you suspect a problem, it is very important that you seek help as soon as you realize your child is having difficulty learning. Should you have your child tested? If you suspect your child may be having trouble learning, it is important to have an evaluation to better understand the problem. Test results determine eligibility for special education services in various states. The public school system is obligated to assess your child for special education services. This is true whether you are in a public or private school. However, they are not legally required to provide a diagnosis. You also have the option of having an evaluation administered by a qualified private examiner. You should ask what specific tests will be used and what they measure. There are several common learning disabilities and a comprehensive evaluation should consider all possibilities appropriate to your child: Dyslexia (language), Dyscalculia (math), Dysgraphia (writing), Auditory & Visual Processing Disorders, and Nonverbal Learning Disabilities. Whichever evaluation path you choose, getting help for your child early is the most important step you can take. Early intervention can mean the difference between success and failure in school. When help is delayed, it becomes harder and harder for children to catch up.
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